Proteins — origin, division, properties, value #1

The English name of proteins — proteins comes from the Greek word protos, which means "the first". The name accurately reflects the importance of proteins, because of all chemical compounds, they are the first in terms of the variety of functions they perform in nature.

They are the "substance of life" because they make up a significant part of organisms, maintain their shape and ensure its functioning. The presence of proteins has been found in all living cells, as well as in viruses as an important component of their "body".

Proteins are the basic building blocks of skin, muscles, tendons, nerves, blood, milk, cartilage, hair, nails, feathers and countless enzymes, receptors, antibodies, antibiotics, bacterial toxins, snake venom and many others.

Proteins are synthesized on the basis of DNA, their structure and related structure are determined by the order of nitrogenous bases in the nucleic acid chain. Proteins, like nucleic acids, are high-molecular polymers consisting of linearly linked amino acid molecules. The number of combinations of 20 types of amino acids (found in nature) for an average protein is almost infinite. Many tens of thousands of different proteins are needed to create and maintain an organism.

Proteins are the most important building blocks of the body. They belong to organic compounds with the most complex structure. In their molecules they contain elements such as hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, iron, chlorine and trace amounts of other elements. It has been discovered that these compounds consist of numerous amino acids.

Proteins are among the most important organic compounds needed by a living organism. They can be found in almost every part of the body of animals, plants, and even viruses. This is the basis of biological life.

They are formed as a result of polycondensation, that is, polymerization with the secretion of low molecular weight -L-amino acids. This reaction occurs with the participation of specialized enzyme complexes — ribosomes in all cells of living organisms and is called translation.

Amino acids are the main elements of proteins. They consist of: an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom and a side chain specific to each amino acid. All these elements are concentrated around carbon.

The central carbon is bound to four different substituents, which makes it asymmetric. This is due to two possible arrangements of the groups surrounding carbon. 1xbet india welcome bonus - 120% welcome bonus and claim up to ₹66,000 as your maximum reward. Use 1xbet promo code india get free exclusive bonus 120% up to ₹49,000 and free bet up to ₹2,495 for your losing bets. 1xBet India's bonuses are accessible across all platforms, including via the 1xBet app using the promo code. The 1xBet welcome bonus is an attractive option for new account creators. Overall, betting on 1xbet is a positive experience, offering a safe and diverse platform with multiple bet types and sports.